Adaptación de programas educativos basada en las TIC: un modelo metodológico para la movilidad estudiantil en contextos de crisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46502/issn.1856-7576/2026.20.01.15Palabras clave:
adaptación de los programas educativos, accesibilidad digital, aprendizaje a distancia, barreras psicosociales, estudiantes en el extranjeroResumen
La guerra a gran escala en Ucrania ha alterado significativamente las trayectorias educativas de los estudiantes, obligando a muchos a continuar sus estudios en el extranjero y a enfrentar barreras digitales, organizativas y psicosociales. Este estudio aborda el desafío de mantener la accesibilidad y la calidad de la educación superior en condiciones de alta movilidad, inestabilidad y estrés emocional. Su objetivo es identificar los principales obstáculos para estudiar en el extranjero durante el conflicto armado y evaluar la eficacia de los mecanismos de adaptación implementados por las universidades ucranianas. La investigación aplica análisis de contenido de fuentes académicas y análisis estadístico y comparativo utilizando datos del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo y de la analítica educativa de Ucrania. Los resultados indican que las trayectorias educativas flexibles, respaldadas por competencias digitales, agilidad organizativa y apoyo psicosocial, contribuyen a la estabilidad de los itinerarios formativos. A pesar de la disminución del número de universidades, la matrícula estudiantil se mantiene relativamente estable, lo que evidencia un ajuste estructural y no una degradación del sistema. Aunque los estudiantes desplazados enfrentan mayores dificultades psicológicas y comunicativas, los horarios flexibles, el aprendizaje híbrido y las tecnologías digitales se asocian con menores tasas de abandono y mejores resultados académicos.
Citas
Alawadhi, H. (2024). The effects of war on the quality of higher education in Yemen: Scholars’ perspectives. International Journal of Educational Development, 108, 103058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103058
Batsurovska, I., Dotsenko, N., Gorbenko, O., & Kim, N. (2021). Organizational and pedagogical conditions for training higher education applicants by learning tools of a competence-oriented environment. SHS Web of Conferences, (104), 02014. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110402014
Benoni, R., Sartorello, A., Paiola, E., Berti, L., Sorina, M., Varischi, G., Marchiori, F., Tardivo, S., Rimondini, M., & Moretti, F. (2025). Exploring socio-ecological context and mental health of Ukrainian refugees in Italy through eco-map: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Migration and Health, (12), 100351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100351
Berg, J. (2023). Higher education for refugees: relevance, challenges, and open research questions. SN Social Sciences, (3), 177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-023-00769-6
Bond, M., Bedenlier, S., Marín, V. I., & Händel, M. (2021). Emergency remote teaching in higher education: Mapping the first global online semester. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 18(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00282-x
Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i–vi. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
Bozorgmehr, K., McKee, M., Rast, E., Kazatchkine, M., Zoidze, A., & Berdzuli, N. (2024). Health system response to war and displacement in Europe requires transformative actions and policies. The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, (47), 101122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101122
Brunner, L. R., Shokirova, T., Gamal, M., & Stein, S. (2025). Higher education’s care/control of refugee and displaced students. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 12(2), 11–33. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/2212
Buchcik, J., Kovach, V., & Adedeji, A. (2023). Mental health outcomes and quality of life of Ukrainian refugees in Germany. Health Qual Life Outcomes, (21), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-023-02101-5
Chala, N., Pichyk, K., Poddenezhnyi, O., & Voropai, O. (2024). Analysing students’ mobility at higher education institutions: case of Ukrainian university during the war. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 25(1), 191–210. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2024.21115
Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz, M., Burton, R., Magni, P. A., & Lam, S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries’ higher education intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 3(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2020.3.1.7
Dupuy, K., Palik, J., & Østby, G. (2022). No right to read: National regulatory restrictions on refugee rights to formal education in low- and middle-income host countries. International Journal of Educational Development, 90, 102537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102537
Ellis, E., Hazell, C., & Mason, O. (2024). The mental health of Ukrainian refugees: a narrative review. Academia Medicine, (1). https://doi.org/10.20935/AcadMed6232
Gishlarkaev, E. M., Donker, M. H., & Groot-Sluijsmans, B. C. (2025). Mental healthcare experiences of Ukrainian displaced people in the Netherlands: Their perspectives and as observed by professionals. Public Health, (246), 105796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105796
Ihnatenko, K., & Shorena, S. (2024). Distance education in higher education institutions in Ukraine during war: challenges and adaptations. Social Work and Education, 11(4), 500–514. https://doi.org/10.25128/2520-6230.24.4.4
Menashy, F., & Zakharia, Z. (2023). Partnerships for education in emergencies: The intersecting promises and challenges of SDG 4 and SDG 17. International Journal of Educational Development, 103, 102934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102934
Okeke-Uzodike, O. E., & Ngo Henha, E. P. (2025). Resilience During Crisis: COVID-19 and the New Age of Remote Work in Higher Education—A Systematic Literature Review. Administrative Sciences, 15(3), 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15030092
Oleksiyenko, A., & Shchepetylnykova, L. (2024). International students and precarious societies: The complexity of mobility rationales in a war-torn higher education. International Journal of Educational Research, (128), 102464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102464
Orzhel, O., Trofymenko, M., Porkuian, O., Drach, I., Halhash, R., & Stoyka, A. (2023). Displaced universities in Ukraine: Challenges and optimal development models. European Journal of Education, 58(4), 629–646. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12581
Pentón Herrera, L. J., & Byndas, O. (2023). “You sway on the waves like a boat in the ocean”: The effects of interrupted education on Ukrainian higher education refugee students in Poland. Cogent Education, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2264009
Shah, R., Menashy, F., Chinnery, J., Bird, L., Chung Bender, L., Ali, A., Zakharia, Z., & Shuayb, M. (2024). Reimagining education in emergencies: A conversation between practitioners and scholars. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 55(1), 118–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2024.2395864
Sych, T., Panchenko, L., Saienko, O., Ptakhina, O., & Ivanov, Y. (2025). The impact of the forced displacement of universities due to the occupation of certain territories of Ukraine on the effectiveness of their activities: “Top 200 Ukraine” universities ranking. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 23(2-si), 176–197. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.23(2-si).2025.12
United Nations Development Programme. (2024a). How war affects young people in Ukraine: Presentation of research findings. United Nations Development Programme. https://acortar.link/ad4xIs
United Nations Development Programme. (2024b). Impact of war on youth in Ukraine. United Nations Development Programme. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2025-01/undp-impactofwaronyouthinukraineen_v05.pdf
Vereshchakina, V., Castaner, M. M., Schonemann, A. M., & Norredam, M. (2023). Understanding Ukrainian refugees’ wellbeing and adaptation in Denmark. European Journal of Public Health, 33(Supplement_2), ckad160.924. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.924
Whitehead, J., Fokaf, O., Deinekhovska, T., Egan, M., & Seguin, M. (2025). Stressors faced by forcibly displaced Ukrainians in England within 6 months of arrival: A qualitative study. Social Science & Medicine, (371), 117909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117909
Zayachuk, Y. (2024). Ensuring quality higher education in Ukraine in times of war. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 31(1), 135-159. https://doi.org/10.1177/14779714241270254
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Yanina Karlinska, Liana Burchak, Igor Shuliakov, Iryna Zhadlenko, Anna Rashevska
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
